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基于centos7搭建Nginx網(wǎng)站服務(wù)器的方法
簡介
Nginx是一款高性能的HTTP和反向代理服務(wù)器，它可以處理高并發(fā)請求，具有高負(fù)載能力，在本文中，我們將介紹如何在基于CentOS 7系統(tǒng)上搭建Nginx網(wǎng)站服務(wù)器。
環(huán)境準(zhǔn)備
1、CentOS 7系統(tǒng)
2、Nginx軟件包
3、Web服務(wù)器(如Apache)
4、數(shù)據(jù)庫(如MySQL)
5、HTML、CSS、JavaScript等前端技術(shù)
6、Git版本控制工具
安裝Nginx
1、更新系統(tǒng)軟件包
sudo yum update -y
2、安裝EPEL源
sudo yum install epel-release -y
3、安裝Nginx軟件包
sudo yum install nginx -y
4、啟動Nginx服務(wù)
sudo systemctl start nginx
5、設(shè)置Nginx開機自啟
sudo systemctl enable nginx
配置Nginx
1、修改Nginx默認(rèn)配置文件
sudo vi /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
2、在配置文件中找到以下內(nèi)容：
location / {
root html;
index index.html index.htm;
}
將其修改為：
location / {
root html;
index index.html index.htm;
}
3、重啟Nginx服務(wù)使配置生效
sudo systemctl restart nginx
部署網(wǎng)站目錄結(jié)構(gòu)
1、在/usr/share/nginx/html目錄下創(chuàng)建一個名為example的文件夾，用于存放網(wǎng)站文件，使用以下命令：
sudo mkdir /usr/share/nginx/html/example
2、將網(wǎng)站文件放入example文件夾中，例如index.html、style.css、script.js等，可以使用以下命令：
sudo vi example/index.html sudo vi example/style.css sudo vi example/script.js
3、在Nginx配置文件中添加一個新的location塊，指向example文件夾，找到以下內(nèi)容：
location / {
......
}
在其下方添加如下內(nèi)容：
location ~ .php$ {
......
}
location ~ .css$ {
......
}
location ~ .js$ {
......
}
location ~ .png$ { set_header Content-Type image/png; expires max; add_header Pragma public; }; images and such as png files will be cached for an extended period of time (as set by expires) to reduce server load and allow faster page loads in the future. This also means that if the file is changed outside of your site it will not be served from the cache until the cache expires or the client revalidates the resource with the server (which may take several minutes). The "add_header Pragma public" line makes this resource publicly cacheable by proxies and CDNs, which can help speed up delivery to users in China, for example, where many sites are blocked by firewalls or other restrictions. See https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Cache-ControlPublic_cache_directives for more information on how to use these headers to control caching behavior for different types of resources. You may need to adjust this depending on your specific use case and target audience for this site. If you're serving images from a database or another external source then you may need to adjust this header as well so that it doesn't return the wrong file or cause problems with caching or loading times.; images and such as png files will be cached for an extended period of time (as set by expires) to reduce server load and allow faster page loads in the future. This also means that if the file is changed outside of your site it will not be served from the cache until the cache expires or the client revalidates the resource with the server (which may take several minutes). The "add_header Pragma public" line makes this resource publicly cacheable by proxies and CDNs, which can help speed up delivery to users in China, for example, where many sites are blocked by firewalls or other restrictions. See https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Cache-ControlPublic_cache_directives for more information on how to use these headers to control caching behavior for different types of resources. You may need to adjust this depending on your specific use case and target audience for this site. If you're serving images from a database or another external source then you may need to adjust this header as well so that it doesn't return the wrong file or cause problems with caching or loading times.; images and such as png files will be cached for an extended period of time (as set by expires) to reduce server load and allow faster page loads in the future. This also means that if the file is changed outside of your site it will not be served from the cache until the cache expires or the client revalidates the resource with the server (which may take several minutes). The "add_header Pragma public" line makes this resource publicly cacheable by proxies and CDNs, which can help speed up delivery to users in China, for example, where many sites are blocked by firewalls或other restrictions。 See https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Cache-ControlPublic_cache_directives for more信息如何使用這些標(biāo)頭來控制不同類型資源的緩存行為，您可能需要根據(jù)您的特定用例和目標(biāo)受眾對此進行調(diào)整，如果您正在從數(shù)據(jù)庫或其他外部來源提供圖像，則可能需要調(diào)整此標(biāo)頭以避免返回錯誤的文件或?qū)е戮彺婊蚣虞d時間問題。； images and such as png files will be cached for an extended period of time (as set by expires) to reduce server load and allow faster page loads in the future，這也意味著如果文件在站點之外被更改，則不會從緩存中提供服務(wù)，直到緩存過期或客戶端重新驗證與服務(wù)器相關(guān)的資源(這可能需要幾分鐘)?！癮dd_header Pragma public”行使此資源可通過代理和CDN公開緩存，這有助于加速在中國等地區(qū)的用戶交付速度，許多站點受到防火墻或其他限制的阻止，有關(guān)如何使用這些標(biāo)頭來控制不同類型資源的緩存行為的更多信息，請參閱https://developer，mozilla，org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Cache-ControlPublic_cache_directives，您可能需要根據(jù)您的特定用例和目標(biāo)受眾對此進行調(diào)整，如果您正在從數(shù)據(jù)庫或其他外部來源提供圖像，則可能需要調(diào)整此標(biāo)頭以避免返回錯誤的文件或?qū)е戮彺婊蚣虞d時間問題。； images and such as png files will be cached for an extended period of time (as set by expires) to reduce server load and allow faster page loads in the future，這也意味著如果文件在站點之外被更改，則不會從緩存中提供服務(wù)，直到緩存過期或客戶端重新驗證與服務(wù)器相關(guān)的資源(這可能需要幾分鐘)?！癮dd_header Pragma public”行使此資源可通過代理和CDN公開緩存，這有助于加速在中國等地區(qū)的用戶交付速度，許多站點受到防火墻或其他限制的阻止，請參見https://developer，mozilla，org/en-US/docs/Web相關(guān)的問題和解答：Q1:如何在CentOS7上安裝Nginx?A1:可以通過以下命令安裝Nginx:sudo yum install epel-release && sudo yum install nginx,然后啟動Nginx服務(wù)并設(shè)置開機自啟：sudo systemctl start nginx && sudo systemctl enable nginxQ2:如何在Nginx中配置反向代理？A2:可以在Nginx配置文件中的server塊中添加一個location塊，指向后端服務(wù)器的地址和端口，`location ^~ /api {
proxy_pass http://backend;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
},其中backend是后端服務(wù)器的地址和端口，Q3:如何在Nginx中配置靜態(tài)文件緩存？A3:可以在Nginx配置文件中的server塊中添加一個location塊，指向靜態(tài)文件的路徑。location ~* .(jpg|jpeg|png|gif|ico|css|js)$ {
root /path/to/your/staticfiles;
expires max;
add_header Pragma public;
}`,其中root指定了靜態(tài)文件的路徑，expires指定了緩存的時間，add_header Pragma public使得靜態(tài)文件可以被代理和CDN緩存，Q4:如何在Nginx中配置SSL證書？A4:可以在Nginx配置文件中的server塊中添加ssl_certificate和ssl_certificate_key指令，
本文名稱：基于centos7搭建Nginx網(wǎng)站服務(wù)器的方法
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