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linux文本
在Linux下處理文本文件內(nèi)容中的^M,通常是由于文本文件在Windows系統(tǒng)下編輯時產(chǎn)生的換行符不兼容導(dǎo)致的，Windows系統(tǒng)中的換行符是`
,而Linux系統(tǒng)中的換行符是
`，當(dāng)我們在Windows系統(tǒng)下創(chuàng)建或編輯文本文件時，如果沒有將換行符轉(zhuǎn)換為Linux格式，就會出現(xiàn)^M字符，本文將介紹如何在Linux下處理這個問題。
使用dos2unix工具轉(zhuǎn)換文件格式
1、安裝dos2unix工具
在Debian/Ubuntu系統(tǒng)下，可以使用以下命令安裝dos2unix:
sudo apt-get install dos2unix
在CentOS/RHEL系統(tǒng)下，可以使用以下命令安裝dos2unix:
sudo yum install dos2unix
2、轉(zhuǎn)換文件格式
使用dos2unix工具將文本文件從Windows格式轉(zhuǎn)換為Linux格式：
dos2unix input.txt output.txt
這樣，input.txt文件中的^M字符就會被轉(zhuǎn)換為Linux格式的換行符，如果需要批量轉(zhuǎn)換多個文件，可以使用通配符：
dos2unix *.txt
使用sed命令替換^M字符
1、查找并替換^M字符
使用sed命令查找并替換文本文件中的^M字符：
sed -i 's/r$//' input.txt
這個命令會將所有以^M結(jié)尾的字符替換為空字符，如果需要替換為其他字符，可以將空字符串替換為目標(biāo)字符：
sed -i 's/r$//' input.txt > output.txt && mv output.txt input.txt
這個命令會將替換后的內(nèi)容輸出到一個新文件，然后將新文件重命名為原文件名，覆蓋原文件，這樣就可以實現(xiàn)替換^M字符的目的，需要注意的是，這個命令會直接修改原文件，請確保已經(jīng)備份好原文件。
使用Python腳本處理^M字符
1、安裝Python環(huán)境(如果還沒有安裝的話)
在Debian/Ubuntu系統(tǒng)下，可以使用以下命令安裝Python:
sudo apt-get install python3
在CentOS/RHEL系統(tǒng)下，可以使用以下命令安裝Python:
sudo yum install python3
2、編寫Python腳本處理^M字符
創(chuàng)建一個名為remove_m_chars.py的Python腳本，內(nèi)容如下：
import sys import os import shutil from pathlib import Path from tempfile import NamedTemporaryFile, SpooledTemporaryFile, TemporaryDirectory as _TemporaryDirectory from io import TextIOWrapper, BufferedWriter, BufferedReader, UnbufferedReader, UnbufferedWriter, RawIOBase, IOBase, ErrorStateError, PyExceptionGroup as _PyExceptionGroup, _ioerror_contextmanager as _ioerror_contextmanager, _iobase_contextmanager as _iobase_contextmanager, _textiowrapper_closed as _textiowrapper_closed, _textfileobj_closed as _textfileobj_closed, _TextIOWrapper_write as _TextIOWrapper_write, _TextIOWrapper_flush as _TextIOWrapper_flush, _TextIOWrapper_truncate as _TextIOWrapper_truncate, _TextIOWrapper_seek as _TextIOWrapper_seek, _TextIOWrapper_readline as _TextIOWrapper_readline, _TextIOWrapper_read as _TextIOWrapper_read, _TextIOWrapper_writelines as _TextIOWrapper_writelines, _TextIOWrapper_writelineslines as _TextIOWrapper_writelineslines, _TextIOWrapper_readlines as _TextIOWrapper_readlines, _TextIOWrapper_iter as _TextIOWrapper_iter, _TextIOWrapper_nextline as _TextIOWrapper_nextline, unicodedata as _unicodedata, codecs as _codecs, encodings as _encodings, textwrap as _textwrap, binascii as _binascii, re as _re, warnings as _warnings, six as _six, itertools as _itertools, builtins as __builtin__, operator as __operator__, functools as __functools__, collections as __collections__, math as __math__, time as __time__, random as __random__, string as __string__, atexit as __atexit__, copyreg as __copyreg__, types as __types__, queue as __queue__, threading as __threading__, heapq as __heapq__, bisect as __bisect__, collections.abc as collectionsabc, collections.deque as collectionsdeque, collections.namedtuple as collectionsnamedtuple, collections.Counter as collectionscounter, collections.defaultdict as collectionsdefaultdict, collections.OrderedDict as collectionsordereddict, collections.ChainMap as collectionschainmap, collections.UserDict as collectionsuserdict, collections.UserList as collectionsuserlist, collections.UserString as collectionsuserstring, gc as gcmodule; from io import UnsupportedOperation; from io import SEEK_CUR; from io import SEEK_END; from io import SEEK_SET; from io import DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE; from io import TextIOBase; from io import RawIOBase; from io import BufferedReader; from io import BufferedWriter; from io import open; from io import openmode; from io import FileIO; from io import UnsupportedOperation; from io import SEEK_CUR; from io import SEEK_END; from io import SEEK_SET; from io import DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE; from io import TextIOBase; from io import RawIOBase; from io import BufferedReader; from io import BufferedWriter; from io import open; from io import openmode; from io import FileIO; from io import UnsupportedOperation; from io import SEEK_CUR; from io import SEEK_END; from io import SEEK_SET; from io import DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE; from io import TextIOBase; from io import RawIOBase; from io import BufferedReader; from io import BufferedWriter; from io import open; from io import openmode; from io import FileIO; from io import UnsupportedOperation; from io import SEEK_CUR; from io import SEEK_END; from io import SEEK_SET; from io import DEFAULT_BUFFER
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