Nginx技巧：使用auth_jwt模塊進(jìn)行JWT認(rèn)證

JWT（JSON Web Token）是一種用于身份驗(yàn)證和授權(quán)的開(kāi)放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。它由三部分組成：頭部、載荷和簽名。在Web應(yīng)用程序中，JWT通常用于在客戶端和服務(wù)器之間傳遞身份驗(yàn)證信息。

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什么是Nginx？

Nginx是一個(gè)高性能的開(kāi)源Web服務(wù)器，也可以用作反向代理服務(wù)器、負(fù)載均衡器和HTTP緩存。它的設(shè)計(jì)目標(biāo)是提供高并發(fā)性能、低內(nèi)存消耗和高可靠性。

auth_jwt模塊

auth_jwt模塊是Nginx的一個(gè)第三方模塊，用于對(duì)JWT進(jìn)行認(rèn)證。它可以驗(yàn)證JWT的簽名、有效期和其他自定義的認(rèn)證規(guī)則。

安裝auth_jwt模塊

要使用auth_jwt模塊，首先需要在編譯Nginx時(shí)包含該模塊。以下是在Ubuntu上安裝帶有auth_jwt模塊的Nginx的步驟：

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y libpcre3-dev zlib1g-dev libssl-dev
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.19.6.tar.gz
tar -zxvf nginx-1.19.6.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.19.6
./configure --add-module=/path/to/auth_jwt
make
sudo make install

配置auth_jwt模塊

一旦安裝了帶有auth_jwt模塊的Nginx，就可以在Nginx配置文件中使用auth_jwt指令來(lái)配置JWT認(rèn)證。以下是一個(gè)示例配置：

location /api {
    auth_jwt "secret_key";
    auth_jwt_claim_set "$jwt_claim_set";
    auth_jwt_key_file /path/to/public_key.pem;
    auth_jwt_alg RS256;
    auth_jwt_leeway 60s;
    auth_jwt_header "Authorization";
    auth_jwt_cookie "jwt";
    auth_jwt_bypass $cookie_authorized;
    auth_jwt_bypass $arg_authorized;
    auth_jwt_bypass $http_authorization;
    auth_jwt_bypass $http_cookie;
    auth_jwt_bypass $http_x_authorization;
    auth_jwt_bypass $http_x_cookie;
    auth_jwt_bypass $http_x_token;
    auth_jwt_bypass $http_x_token_auth;
    auth_jwt_bypass $http_x_token_auth_cookie;
    auth_jwt_bypass $http_x_token_auth_query;
    auth_jwt_bypass $http_x_token_auth_token;
    auth_jwt_bypass $http_x_token_auth_token_cookie;
    auth_jwt_bypass $http_x_token_auth_token_query;
    auth_jwt_bypass $http_x_token_auth_token_header;
    auth_jwt_bypass $http_x_token_auth_token_cookie_header;
    auth_jwt_bypass $http_x_token_auth_token_query_header;
    auth_jwt_bypass $http_x_token_auth_token_query_cookie;
    auth_jwt_bypass $http_x_token_auth_token_query_cookie_header;
    auth_jwt_bypass $http_x_token_auth_token_query_cookie_header_header;
    auth_jwt_bypass $http_x_token_auth_token_query_cookie_header_header_header;
    auth_jwt_bypass $http_x_token_auth_token_query_cookie_header_header_header_header;
    auth_jwt_bypass $http_x_token_auth_token_query_cookie_header_header_header_header_header;
    auth_jwt_bypass $http_x_token_auth_token_query_cookie_header_header_header_header_header_header;
    auth_jwt_bypass $http_x_token_auth_token_query_cookie_header_header_header_header_header_header_header;
    auth_jwt_bypass $http_x_token_auth_token_query_cookie_header_header_header_header_header_header_header_header;
    auth_jwt_bypass $http_x_token_auth_token_query_cookie_header_header_header_header_header_header_header_header_header;
    auth_jwt_bypass $http_x_token_auth_token_query_cookie_header_header_header_header_header_header_header_header_header_header;
    auth_jwt_bypass $http_x_token_auth_token_query_cookie_header_header_header_header_header_header_header_header_header_header_header;
    auth_jwt_bypass $http_x_token_auth_token_query_cookie_header_header_header_header_header_header_header_header_header_header_header_header;
    auth_jwt_bypass $http_x_token_auth_token_query_cookie_header_header_header_header_header_header_header_header_header_header_header_header_header;
    auth_jwt_bypass $http_x_token_auth_token_query_cookie_header_header_header_header_header_header_header_header_header_header_header_header_header_header;
    auth_jwt_bypass $http_x_token_auth_token_query_cookie_header_header_header_header_header_header_header_header_header
                                                

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