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一、前言
祥符網站制作公司哪家好，找創(chuàng)新互聯建站！從網頁設計、網站建設、微信開發(fā)、APP開發(fā)、響應式網站建設等網站項目制作，到程序開發(fā)，運營維護。創(chuàng)新互聯建站2013年至今到現在10年的時間，我們擁有了豐富的建站經驗和運維經驗，來保證我們的工作的順利進行。專注于網站建設就選創(chuàng)新互聯建站。
1、什么是iSCSI?
iSCSI技術是一種由IBM公司研究開發(fā)的，是一個供硬件設備使用的可以在IP協議的上層運行的SCSI指令集，這種指令集合可以實現在IP網絡上運行SCSI協議，使其能夠在諸如高速千兆以太網上進行路由選擇。iSCSI技術是一種新儲存技術，該技術是將現有SCSI接口與以太網絡(Ethernet)技術結合，使服務器可與使用IP網絡的儲存裝置互相交換資料。
iSCSI：Internet 小型計算機系統接口 （iSCSI：Internet Small Computer System Interface）。
Internet 小型計算機系統接口（iSCSI）是一種基于 TCP/IP的協議，用來建立和管理 IP 存儲設備、主機和客戶機等之間的相互連接，并創(chuàng)建存儲區(qū)域網絡（SAN）。SAN 使得 SCSI 協議應用于高速數據傳輸網絡成為可能，這種傳輸以數據塊級別（block-level）在多個數據存儲網絡間進行。
SCSI 結構基于客戶/服務器模式，其通常應用環(huán)境是：設備互相靠近，并且這些設備由 SCSI 總線連接。iSCSI 的主要功能是在 TCP/IP 網絡上的主機系統（啟動器 initiator）和存儲設備（目標器 target）之間進行大量數據的封裝和可靠傳輸過程。此外，iSCSI 提供了在 IP 網絡封裝 SCSI 命令，且運行在 TCP 上。
2、環(huán)境介紹：
本次部署由3臺物理機實現，具體信息分別為以下：
a、iSCSI_Server：192.168.30.133
b、iSCSI_Client1：192.168.30.131
c、iSCSI_Client2：192.168.30.132
需要用到的軟件為：
a、scsi-target-utils # 提供Server端服務
b、iscsi-initiator-utils #提供Client服務
二、安裝部署服務端，即iSCSI_Server
1、在服務端創(chuàng)建可共享的磁盤或卷；這里就新添加一塊新磁盤做為共享；
查看新添加的硬盤：
[root@iSCSI_Server ~]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 30720 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000da3dc
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2 501 512000 83 Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2 502 30720 30944256 8e Linux LVM
Partition 2 does not end on cylinder boundary.
Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 20480 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
2、對硬盤進行分區(qū)并創(chuàng)建LVM卷：
[root@iSCSI_Server ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x47756356.
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable.
Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to
switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
sectors (command 'u').
Command (m for help): p # 查看分區(qū)信息
Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 20480 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x47756356
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
Command (m for help): n #新建一個分區(qū)
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
e # 新建一個邏輯分區(qū)
Partition number (1-4): 4 # 卷標為 4
First cylinder (1-20480, default 1):
Using default value 1Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-20480, default 20480):
Using default value 20480Command (m for help): p # 查看信息
Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 20480 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x47756356
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System/dev/sdb4 1 20480 20971504 5 Extended
Command (m for help): n # 新建邏輯卷
Command action
l logical (5 or over)
p primary partition (1-4)
l # 選擇l,邏輯卷
First cylinder (1-20480, default 1):
Using default value 1Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-20480, default 20480):
Using default value 20480Command (m for help): p # 查看信息
Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 20480 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x47756356
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb4 1 20480 20971504 5 Extended
/dev/sdb5 1 20480 20971488 83 Linux
Command (m for help): w # 保存
The partition table has been altered!Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks
[root@iSCSI_Server ~]# partprobe /dev/sdb # 使剛才的配置立即生效
[root@iSCSI_Server ~]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 30720 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000da3dc
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2 501 512000 83 Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2 502 30720 30944256 8e Linux LVM
Partition 2 does not end on cylinder boundary.
Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 20480 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x47756356
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb4 1 20480 20971504 5 Extended
/dev/sdb5 1 20480 20971488 83 Linux
[root@iSCSI_Server ~]# cat /proc/partitions
major minor #blocks name
8 0 31457280 sda
8 1 512000 sda1
8 2 30944256 sda2
8 16 20971520 sdb
8 20 1 sdb4
8 21 20971488 sdb5
253 0 27795456 dm-0
253 1 3145728 dm-1
#注：看到以上標黃的信息證明已經創(chuàng)建邏輯卷成功！
接下來創(chuàng)建LVM卷
[root@iSCSI_Server ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb5 # 創(chuàng)建PV
Physical volume "/dev/sdb5" successfully created
[root@iSCSI_Server ~]# vgcreate kvmvg /dev/sdb5 # 創(chuàng)建VG
Volume group "kvmvg" successfully created
[root@iSCSI_Server ~]# lvcreate -L 19G -n kvmlv kvmvg # 創(chuàng)建LV
Logical volume "kvmlv" created.
[root@iSCSI_Server ~]# lvs # 查看
LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
lv_root VolGroup -wi-ao---- 26.51g
lv_swap VolGroup -wi-ao---- 3.00g
kvmlv kvmvg -wi-a----- 19.00g
[root@iSCSI_Server ~]#
#注：看到以上標黃的信息證明已經創(chuàng)建成功！
3、安裝服務端軟件：scsi-target-utils
[root@iSCSI_Server ~]# yum -y install epel-release
[root@iSCSI_Server ~]# yum -y install scsi-target-utils.x86_64
4、配置iSCSI服務：
[root@iSCSI_Server ~]# vim /etc/tgt/targets.conf
#### 在 40行后添加以下信息#######
backing-store /dev/kvmvg/kvmlv
initiator-address 192.168.30.0/24
注：
iqn.2017-03.com.zlyang:kvm.iscsi ： 為共享名
iqn.2017-03.com.zlyang:kvm.iscsi ?。汗蚕砭砻奥窂?/p>
initiator-address 192.168.30.0/24 ?。涸试S哪些地址訪問
5、啟動服務
[root@iSCSI_Server ~]# service tgtd start
[root@iSCSI_Server ~]# chkconfig tgtd on
[root@iSCSI_Server ~]# netstat -tnlt|grep 3260
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3260 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 :::3260 :::* LISTEN
6、添加防火墻規(guī)則
[root@iSCSI_Server ~]# iptables -I INPUT 4 -p tcp --dport 3260 -j ACCEPT
[root@iSCSI_Server ~]# iptables-save
[root@iSCSI_Server ~]# service iptables save
[root@iSCSI_Server ~]# service iptables restart
三、安裝Client
因為兩臺Client配置幾乎一樣，在此以Client1為例給大家演示具體部署過程
1、首先查看本地磁盤
[root@iSCSI_Client_1 ~]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 30720 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000da3dc
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2 501 512000 83 Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2 502 30720 30944256 8e Linux LVM
Partition 2 does not end on cylinder boundary.
Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root: 28.5 GB, 28462546944 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3460 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_swap: 3221 MB, 3221225472 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 391 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
# 可以看出只有一塊磁盤
2、安裝Client軟件
[root@iSCSI_Client_1 ~]# yum -y install epel-release
[root@iSCSI_Client_1 ~]# yum -y install iscsi-initiator-utils.x86_64
3、啟動服務
[root@iSCSI_Client_1 ~]# service iscsid start
[root@iSCSI_Client_1 ~]# chkconfig iscsid on
4、發(fā)現下iSCSI服務端
[root@iSCSI_Client_1 ~]# iscsiadm -m discovery -t st -p 192.168.30.133
192.168.30.133:3260,1 iqn.2017-03.com.zlyang:kvm.iscsi
5、掛載該磁盤
a、加載磁盤
# iscsiadm -m node -T iqn.2017-03.com.zlyang:kvm.iscsi -p 192.168.30.133 -l
Logging in to [iface: default, target: iqn.2017-03.com.zlyang:kvm.iscsi, portal: 192.168.30.133,3260] (multiple)
Login to [iface: default, target: iqn.2017-03.com.zlyang:kvm.iscsi, portal: 192.168.30.133,3260] successful.
# echo "iscsiadm -m node -T iqn.2017-03.com.zlyang:kvm.iscsi -p 192.168.30.133 -l" >> /etc/rc.d/rc.local"
[root@iSCSI_Client_1 ~]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sdc: 20.4 GB, 20401094656 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 19456 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
注：看到此信息表示已經加載成功
b、分區(qū)格式化
[root@iSCSI_Client_1 ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdc
mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)/dev/sdc is entire device, not just one partition!
Proceed anyway? (y,n) y
Filesystem label=OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
1245184 inodes, 4980736 blocks
249036 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296
152 block groups3
2768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
4096000Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 35 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
[root@iSCSI_Client_1 ~]#
c、掛載到本地
[root@iSCSI_Client_1 ~]# mount /dev/sdc /mnt
[root@iSCSI_Client_1 ~]# echo "mount /dev/sdc /mnt" >> /etc/rc.d/rc.local
[root@iSCSI_Client_1 ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root
26G 2.6G 23G 11% /
tmpfs 939M 0 939M 0% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 477M 52M 400M 12% /boot
/dev/sdc 19G 44M 18G 1% /mnt
[root@iSCSI_Client_1 ~]#
Client_1的所有配置已經配置完成，Client_2配置與Client_1基本相同，只是Client_2不需要再分區(qū)格式化了，直接加載及掛載就可以！
好了，部署已經全部完成，如果什么問題可以回復或發(fā)郵件到：[email protected]
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