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第一章、基礎(chǔ)環(huán)境部署
10多年的哈密網(wǎng)站建設(shè)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，針對設(shè)計(jì)、前端、開發(fā)、售后、文案、推廣等六對一服務(wù)，響應(yīng)快，48小時(shí)及時(shí)工作處理。成都全網(wǎng)營銷的優(yōu)勢是能夠根據(jù)用戶設(shè)備顯示端的尺寸不同，自動(dòng)調(diào)整哈密建站的顯示方式，使網(wǎng)站能夠適用不同顯示終端，在瀏覽器中調(diào)整網(wǎng)站的寬度，無論在任何一種瀏覽器上瀏覽網(wǎng)站，都能展現(xiàn)優(yōu)雅布局與設(shè)計(jì)，從而大程度地提升瀏覽體驗(yàn)。創(chuàng)新互聯(lián)從事“哈密網(wǎng)站設(shè)計(jì)”,“哈密網(wǎng)站推廣”以來，每個(gè)客戶項(xiàng)目都認(rèn)真落實(shí)執(zhí)行。
1.1、環(huán)境
操作系統(tǒng)：SuSE Linux Enterprise Server 11SP2
數(shù)據(jù)庫：Oracle 11gR2(112040)
節(jié)點(diǎn)1
主機(jī)名：node1
ip地址：
192.168.1.30 node1
192.168.1.50 node1-vip
10.10.10.30 node1-priv
ORACLE_SID：ORACLE_1
節(jié)點(diǎn)2
主機(jī)名：node2
ip地址：
192.168.1.31 node2
192.168.1.51 node2-vip
10.10.10.31 node2-priv
ORACLE_SID：ORACLE_2
SCANIP: 192.168.1.41 my-cluster my-cluster-scan
共享存儲：
設(shè)備名 | 大小 | 作用 |
/dev/sdb | 2g | OCR_VOTE |
/dev/sdc | 10g | 數(shù)據(jù)庫歸檔日志 |
/dev/sdd | 20g | 數(shù)據(jù)庫文件 |
1.2、創(chuàng)建賬戶
分別在兩臺服務(wù)器上創(chuàng)建如下賬戶。
groupadd-g 1000 oinstall
groupadd -g 1200 asmadmin
groupadd -g 1201 asmdba
groupadd -g 1202 asmoper
useradd -m -u 1100 -goinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper -d /home/grid -s /bin/bash grid
groupadd -g 1300 dba
groupadd -g 1301oper
useradd -m -u 1101 -goinstall -G dba,oper,asmdba -d /home/oracle -s /bin/bash oracle
mkdir -p /u01/app/grid
mkdir -p /u01/app/11.2.0/grid
chown -R grid:oinstall/u01
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle
chown -R oracle:oinstall/u01/app/oracle
chmod -R 775 /u01
passwd oracle
1.3、配置hosts文件
配置兩臺服務(wù)器hosts文件。
#vi /etc/hosts
192.168.1.30 node1
192.168.1.50 node1-vip
10.10.10.30 node1-priv
192.168.1.31 node2
192.168.1.51 node2-vip
10.10.10.31 node2-priv
192.168.1.41 my-cluster my-cluster-scan
1.4、安裝所需rpm包
兩節(jié)點(diǎn)均查看所需rpm包，安裝所需rpm包。
#rpm -q binutils gcc gcc-32bit gcc-c++ glibc glibc-32bitglibc-devel glibc-devel-32bit ksh libaio libaio-32bit libaio-devellibaio-devel-32bit libstdc++33 libstdc++33-32bit libstdc++43 libstdc++43-32bitlibstdc++43-devel libstdc++43-devel-32bit libgcc43 libstdc++-devel make sysstatunixODBC unixODBC-devel unixODBC-32bit unixODBC-devel-32bit libcap1
binutils-2.23.1-0.17.18
gcc-4.3-62.198
gcc-32bit-4.3-62.198
gcc-c++-4.3-62.198
glibc-2.11.3-17.54.1
glibc-32bit-2.11.3-17.54.1
glibc-devel-2.11.3-17.54.1
glibc-devel-32bit-2.11.3-17.54.1
ksh-93u-0.18.1
libaio-0.3.109-0.1.46
libaio-32bit-0.3.109-0.1.46
libaio-devel-0.3.109-0.1.46
libaio-devel-32bit-0.3.109-0.1.46
libstdc++33-3.3.3-11.9
libstdc++33-32bit-3.3.3-11.9
libstdc++43-4.6.9-0.11.38
libstdc++43-32bit-4.6.9-0.11.38
libstdc++43-devel-4.3.4_20091019-0.37.30
libstdc++43-devel-32bit-4.3.4_20091019-0.37.30
libgcc43-4.6.9-0.11.38
libstdc++-devel-4.3-62.198
make-3.81-128.20
sysstat-8.1.5-7.45.24
unixODBC-2.2.12-198.17
unixODBC-devel-2.2.12-198.17
unixODBC-32bit-2.2.12-198.17
unixODBC-devel-32bit-2.2.12-198.17
libcap1-1.10-6.10
1.5、修改內(nèi)核參數(shù)
設(shè)置兩臺服務(wù)器的內(nèi)核參數(shù)
#vi /etc/sysctl.conf
net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts = 1
net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 1
fs.inotify.max_user_watches = 65536
net.ipv4.conf.default.promote_secondaries = 1
net.ipv4.conf.all.promote_secondaries = 1
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 536870912
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
vm.hugetlb_shm_group= 1000 ###此處為oinstall group number
1.6、設(shè)置Shell對Oracle及grid用戶的限制
vi /etc/security/limits.conf
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
grid soft nproc 2047
grid hard nproc 16384
grid soft nofile 1024
grid hard nofile 65536
編輯/etc/pam.d/login，添加如下內(nèi)容：
vi /etc/pam.d/login
session required pam_limits.so
1.7、禁用NTP服務(wù)
在兩臺服務(wù)器上均禁止NTP服務(wù)
service ntp stop
chkconfig ntp off
mv /etc/ntp.conf /etc/ntp.conf.bak
1.8、grid用戶環(huán)境變量
節(jié)點(diǎn)1
ORACLE_SID=+ASM1; export ORACLE_SID
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid; export ORACLE_BASE
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/11.2.0/grid; export ORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_PATH=/u01/app/oracle/common/oracle/sql; exportORACLE_PATH
ORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERM
TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin; export TNS_ADMIN
ORA_NLS11=$ORACLE_HOME/nls/data; export ORA_NLS11
NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK; export NLS_LANG
PATH=${PATH}:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch
PATH=${PATH}:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/bin/X11:/usr/local/bin
PATH=${PATH}:/u01/app/common/oracle/bin
export PATH
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/oracm/lib
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE
CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib
CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/network/jlib
export CLASSPATH
export TEMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=/tmp
if [ $USER = "oracle" ] || [ $USER = "grid"]; then
if [ $SHELL ="/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n65536
fi
umask 022
fi
節(jié)點(diǎn)2
ORACLE_SID=+ASM2; export ORACLE_SID
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid; export ORACLE_BASE
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/11.2.0/grid; export ORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_PATH=/u01/app/oracle/common/oracle/sql; exportORACLE_PATH
ORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERM
TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin; export TNS_ADMIN
ORA_NLS11=$ORACLE_HOME/nls/data; export ORA_NLS11
NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK; export NLS_LANG
PATH=${PATH}:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch
PATH=${PATH}:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/bin/X11:/usr/local/bin
PATH=${PATH}:/u01/app/common/oracle/bin
export PATH
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/oracm/lib
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE
CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib
CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/network/jlib
export CLASSPATH
export TEMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=/tmp
if [ $USER = "oracle" ] || [ $USER = "grid"]; then
if [ $SHELL ="/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n65536
fi
umask 022
fi
1.9、oracle用戶環(huán)境變量
節(jié)點(diǎn)1
ORACLE_SID=ORACLE_1; export ORACLE_SID
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1; exportORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_PATH=/u01/app/common/oracle/sql; export ORACLE_PATH
ORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERM
TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin; export TNS_ADMIN
ORA_NLS11=$ORACLE_HOME/nls/data; export ORA_NLS11
NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK; export NLS_LANG
PATH=${PATH}:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch
PATH=${PATH}:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/bin/X11:/usr/local/bin
PATH=${PATH}:/u01/app/common/oracle/bin
export PATH
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/oracm/lib
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE
CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib
CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/network/jlib
export CLASSPATH
export TEMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=/tmp
if [ $USER = "oracle" ] || [ $USER = "grid"]; then
if [ $SHELL ="/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p16384
ulimit -n65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n65536
fi
umask 022
fi
節(jié)點(diǎn)2
ORACLE_SID=ORACLE_2; export ORACLE_SID
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1; exportORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_PATH=/u01/app/common/oracle/sql; export ORACLE_PATH
ORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERM
TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin; export TNS_ADMIN
ORA_NLS11=$ORACLE_HOME/nls/data; export ORA_NLS11
NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK; export NLS_LANG
PATH=${PATH}:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch
PATH=${PATH}:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/bin/X11:/usr/local/bin
PATH=${PATH}:/u01/app/common/oracle/bin
export PATH
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/oracm/lib
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE
CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib
CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/network/jlib
export CLASSPATH
export TEMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=/tmp
if [ $USER = "oracle" ] || [ $USER = "grid"]; then
if [ $SHELL ="/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p16384
ulimit -n65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n65536
fi
umask 022
fi
1.10、配置asm磁盤
node1:/etc/udev/rules.d# fdisk -l
Disk/dev/sda: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 5221 cylinders, total 83886080 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000b4c72
DeviceBoot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2048 401407 199680 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 401408 8787967 4193280 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda3 8787968 83859455 37535744 83 Linux
Disk/dev/sdb: 2097 MB, 2097152000 bytes
65 heads, 62 sectors/track, 1016 cylinders, total 4096000 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
Disk/dev/sdb doesn't contain a valid partition table
Disk/dev/sdc: 10.5 GB, 10485760000 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 10000 cylinders, total 20480000 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
Disk/dev/sdc doesn't contain a valid partition table
Disk/dev/sdd: 21.0 GB, 20971520000 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 20000 cylinders, total 40960000 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
Disk/dev/sdd doesn't contain a valid partition table
node1:/etc/udev/rules.d #
添加編輯/etc/scsi_id.config 文件，并同步至節(jié)點(diǎn)2上。
options=--whitelisted --replace-whitespace
添加編輯/etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracle-asmdevices.rules
node1:~ # for i in b c d
> do
> echo "KERNEL==\"sd*\", SUBSYSTEM==\"block\",PROGRAM==\"/lib/udev/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace--device=/dev/\
$name\",RESULT==\"`/lib/udev/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace--device=/dev/sd$i`\", NAME=\"asm-disk$i\", OWNER=\"grid
\",GROUP=\"asmadmin\", MODE=\"0660\""
> done
KERNEL=="sd*", SUBSYSTEM=="block",PROGRAM=="/lib/udev/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace--device=/dev/$name",
RESULT=="2e8ced45878991f7f",NAME="asm-diskb", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin",MODE="0660"
KERNEL=="sd*", SUBSYSTEM=="block",PROGRAM=="/lib/udev/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace--device=/dev/$name",
RESULT=="2ff5dd7058b0ffb40",NAME="asm-diskc", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin",MODE="0660"
KERNEL=="sd*", SUBSYSTEM=="block",PROGRAM=="/lib/udev/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name",
RESULT=="26c6d14a2e3aa5dd4",NAME="asm-diskd", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin",MODE="0660"
修改設(shè)備別名為所需設(shè)備名，同步至節(jié)點(diǎn)2.
node1:~ # cd /etc/udev/rules.d/
node1:/etc/udev/rules.d # vi 99-oracle-asmdevices.rules
KERNEL=="sd*", SUBSYSTEM=="block", PROGRAM=="/lib/udev/scsi_id--whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name",
RESULT=="2e8ced45878991f7f",NAME="asmocr", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin",MODE="0660"
KERNEL=="sd*", SUBSYSTEM=="block",PROGRAM=="/lib/udev/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace--device=/dev/$name",
RESULT=="2ff5dd7058b0ffb40",NAME="asmfra", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin",MODE="0660"
KERNEL=="sd*", SUBSYSTEM=="block",PROGRAM=="/lib/udev/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace--device=/dev/$name",
RESULT=="26c6d14a2e3aa5dd4",NAME="asmdata", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin",MODE="0660"
"99-oracle-asmdevices.rules" 3L, 625Cwritten
node1:/etc/udev/rules.d #
SUSE和RedHat系列不同,需要使用udevadm test測試才可以看到新產(chǎn)生的設(shè)備名稱，節(jié)點(diǎn)2也需進(jìn)行測試。
node1:/etc/udev/rules.d# udevadm test /sys/block/sdb
node1:/etc/udev/rules.d # udevadm test /sys/block/sdc
node1:/etc/udev/rules.d # udevadm test /sys/block/sdd
重新啟動(dòng)udev(確保udev為運(yùn)行狀態(tài))，節(jié)點(diǎn)2頁重新啟動(dòng)。
node1:/etc/udev/rules.d # /etc/init.d/boot.udev restart
Restarting udevd: done
node1:/etc/udev/rules.d #
查看生成的設(shè)備名稱
node1:/dev # ll asm*
brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 48 May 22 23:11 asmdata
brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 32 May 22 23:11 asmfra
brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 16 May 22 23:11 asmocr
node1:/dev #
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